Scientific name:Cordyceps spp.

Family: Cordycipitaceae

Common name: Scarlet caterpillar club, Caterpillar killer

General appearance: It forms 1 - 8 cm high, club shaped and orange/ red fruiting bodies, which grow out of dead underground pupae. The upper portion of the fungus is orange and pimply, the lower portion smooth and orange to pale orange, often curved; narrowing at the base.

Benefits of Cordyceps mushroom:

  • Produce cordycepin (3’-deoxyadenosine)
  • Anti-aging property
  • May boost exercise performance
  • Potential anti-tumor effects
  • May help to manage type 2 diabetes
  • Possible benefits for heart health
  • Help to fight inflammation

Growth parameter:

  • Substrate: Supplemented black rice is best
  • Temperature: 16-240 C
  • Humidity: 70-80%

Cultivation method

This mushroom is cultivated under lab conditions where facilities for control of temperature, humidity and filtered fresh air are available. Cultivation is done in jars kept on racks just like we keep bags or bottles in spawn lab.

  • First step in preparation of the substrate is the preparation of nutrient solution. For this we add the following in 1000 ml distilled water.
  • Glucose- 20 g, Peptone - 5 g, Yeast extract - 3 g, KH2PO4 - 2 g, MgSO4 - 0.5 g, Tri Ammonium Citrate (TCA) - 1 g, Vit B1 - 50 mg, Vit B12 - 10 mg, Multivitamin - 10 mg
  • Second step is the supplementation of brown rice with above nutrient medium. Brown rice is soaked in water for 30 minutes, cleaned and washed thoroughly.
  • Thereafter, it is kept on a sieve or cotton cloth and allowed to dry for 30 minutes (various workers have used substrates other than rice also for the cultivation of this mushroom).
  • Take 20-25 g rice per jar, add about 40 ml nutrient solution to it and cover the jar with autoclavable cap or polypropylene bag and autoclave at 15 psi for 40-50 minutes.
  • A small hole is made in the cap and it is plugged with cotton.
  • Cool the jars and add 5-10 ml liquid spawn. Whole operation is done in Laminar Flow cabinet to ensure that there is no contamination. Jars are moved left to right to spread the liquid medium over the solid medium.
  • After inoculation with liquid spawn the jars are kept in dark for 8-10 days at 20-22°C, RH 65-70%.
  • After complete colonization of the substrate, the jars are kept in light for a week when the colour of mycelium turns orange.
  • Provide 12 hours light daily.
  • It may take 7 days for yellowing, another 2 weeks for bubble and then pinheads formation.
  • When distinct pinheads are formed, we can reduce the light to 8-12 hours and it may take another 5-6 week till mushrooms attain harvestable size of 4-6 cm.
  • Total time required for one crop from inoculation to harvest can be up to 3 months.
  • When head of mushroom turns club shaped, it is ready for harvest. The mushrooms are plucked out of jars and dried.

Pictorial Representation

Laboratory setup for Cordyceps Mushroom

We all know mushrooms have many health benefits in addition to fantastic taste. They are great addition to your diet because they are high in critical vitamins and minerals.

This recently grown expensive mushrooms, the Cordyceps militaris, which costs Rs 1.5 lakh per kilogram has various medicinal properties. These mushrooms are antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-fibrotic, anti-fatigue in nature. According to scientist, it can lessen the size of tumors in the body. It also aids in the enhancement of cellular energy and the strengthening of heart muscles. It is beneficial to the respiratory system, curing asthma and assisting in bronchus enlargement, as well as preventing pulmonary emphysema. It is extensively used as an energy tonic because it boosts stamina and boosts immunity.

For a standard Lab set up minimum 400-500 sq. Ft area is needed & following equipment's will required:

Cordyceps Lab design:

First of all, choose a well-located area and build a room where separate chambers will be present for different aspects. Cordyceps lab layout is given below.

In the middle of the lab one corridor must be needed for connecting all the chambers. There will be 2 doors in the entry of the Cordyceps lab.

1. Packing & Oven Room: First room will be packing & oven room, where we can place the oven, rotary shaker, packing materials and also A/C. Preparation of growing media will be done in that room. Area of this room will be around 150 sq. Ft.

2. Autoclave Room: This room is designed for the purpose of sterilizing the growing media of Cordyceps mushroom. This room will also around 150 sq Ft.

3. Inoculation Room: Third room will be Inoculation room where cooling of Jars and inoculation will be done after sterilization. Inoculation must be done under laminar air flow to check the contamination. There will be A/C as well to maintain the temperature of 20-250 C. This room will be around 120 sq. Ft.

4. Store Room: Fourth room will be store room, where packaging materials like box, raw materials of Cordyceps like brown rice, yeast, peptone etc. will be stored.

5. Growing Room: Cordyceps mushroom is growing here. This room will be around 400-500 sq. Ft.

6. Changing Room: Here changing will be done before entering in the Cordyceps growing room to avoid the contamination.

7. Store Room: You can store the harvesting mushrooms and dried mushroom for some times.

Growing Room

  • Growing Room is very important for Cordyceps Lab setup because this is the main economic unit of the whole setup.
  • For set up a standard growing room, minimum 400-500 sq. Ft area is required. But for commercial scale, minimum 1000 sq. Ft is needed.
  • Wall of the growing room should be plastic painted/ oil painted.
  • Growing room should be concreted and fully A/C covered to maintain the desired temperature.
  • There will be 4 A/C for Growing room. Two A/C for 12 hours and another two A/C for rest of 12 hours.
  • Two exhausts will be installed one side to emit the excessive CO2 and maintain proper air circulations.
  • Two HEPA Filters will be installed another side to clean the air which enter in the growing room.
  • 4 humidifiers also need to maintain proper humidity in the growing room.
  • Light will be there to provide proper light for growing.
  • Racks will be stainless steel rack.
  • Always maintain cleanliness in the growing room.

Cordyceps Mushroom Laboratory Setup Estimated Cost

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